Survey

Uganda RISE Beauty salon

Please find details about the TestE method here.
Testing the strength of Evidence.

Click here

We collaborate with two urban businesses in Kampala:

Beauty school
A.23 Small-scale businesses in urban vulnerable settlements
Chusa School of Beauty
Manager and Founder: Edward BUTIMBA
Implementing organization: Creative Arts 256 & Chusa foundation.
CREATIVE ARTS 256, Kisenyi II Kamwokya, Kampala Uganda. +256701175760/ +256782335858. Creativearts uganda@gmail.com
Partnership with Creative Arts during 2019-2021.
TWO
Manager and Founder: Agnes

RISE salons
A.23 Small-scale businesses in urban vulnerable settlements
Linked to Chusa School of Beauty
Manager and Founder: One of the ladies who had been trained by Chusa School of Beauty
TWO
A.xxx
Manager and Founder: Agnes

Dates of field visits, PMP Reports & ActionTalks

  • Cecilia ÖMAN, 2019 Chusa School of Beauty, field visit (C-C.1)
  • Cecilia ÖMAN, July 2020 Chusa School, PMP report (C-C.2)
  • Moses MURUNGI, 31 Dec. 2020, Chusa School, field visit (C-M.1)
  • Cecilia ÖMAN, 2021 Chusa School, PMP report (C-C.3)
  • Moses MURUNGI, 31 Dec. 2021, Chusa School, field visit (C-M.2)
 
 

RISE salons

Test_E parameters

Collected TestE parameters in meetings with PMPs and TPs
when developing and adjusting the survey manual and when performing the surveys.

Context

Chusa School of beauty

RISE salon, Following on  Chusa School of Beauty

This programme takes place within Kamwokya and Kyebando. Kamwokya and Kyebando are slum areas within Kampala the capita of Uganda and are faced by many challenges. Kamwokya and Kyebando are densely populated and have an estimated population of 40.000 people. The majority of its inhabitants are children and youth and most of the families in these areas are poor and illiterate.

Most men in slums have dropped their responsibilities to look after their families, because of the tough economic situation, lack of employment, and rural urban migration. We face family drop out, domestic violence, early sex marriage and polygamy which leads to single mothers. Many children do not get a chance to go to school. And for those that are lucky to go to school many drop out. Although these issues make life challenging and affect all, it is worse with the adolescent girls as so many of them resort to prostitution, which in addition leads to unwanted pregnancies, acquisition of HIV/AIDS and eventually death.

 

 

Ambitions

Chusa School of beauty

RISE salon, Following on  Chusa School of Beauty

Ambitions of the Programme manager partner (PMP)

Supporting single mothers and adolescent girls living in the slum.

  • Creative Arts 256 are organizing financial literacy workshops, seminars, open discussions, talk shows, training of trainers, research on issues that affect the single mothers and adolescent girls, counselling and guidance.
    Creative Arts 256 addresses: financial knowledge, saving culture, small business management, advocate for Child-to-Parent communication within families to avoid early pregnancies and school dropout, equip the young girls with credible information and tools that will help them lead successful lives.
  • Creative Arts 256 offers links to HIV prevention, treatment and care service providers.

Our Target partners

The beneficiaries are largely women who are single mothers who need to earn more income and look after their families. In addition, the programme provides funds to train girl youths with vocational skills that can help provide them with incomes and desist/prevent them from engaging in prostitution and drug abuse.

Objectives

Empowerment, boost small scale business, fight poverty.
Target group: Single parents  and adolescent  girls who have dropped out from school.

C-C.1 Testimony “This programme targets those who already have a skill and business experience, single mothers and adolescent girls.
1. Groups comprising single mothers and adolescent girls aged 16-35 years have been established and have attended workshops. Group leaders have been trained.
2. Group members meet on a monthly basis to receive peer-to-peer education through interactive discussions. The trained leaders attend their meetings to backstop them and generate project reports with recommendation that will inform future actions.”

C-M.1 To give non-school-going
adolescent girls in Kamwokya an opportunity to obtain hands-on skills.
Edward says the objective of the school is to: “i) Skilling non-school-going adolescent girls in Kamwokya, ii) to increase the financial status of the girls, iii ) create an alternative space where the girls can spend their time instead of involving themselves in fornication and drug abuse, thus preventing early pregnancies,  , early marriages and HIV and other STIs.”

Ambition according to Branch Uganda

xxx

Ambitions of the Programme manager partner (PMP)

xxx

Ambition of HR&S Uganda

Chusa

C-M.2 In 2021, we focused our energies on the CHUSA Chain of Beauty Saloons projects. This was after COVID19 disrupted another program of supporting small-scale businesses in Kamwokya. Our partner Edward (Creative Arts) was running a school of beauty. The school sought support from HR&S, however, there were difficulties making it financially sustainable. The school targeted mainly adolescent girls out of school due to the closure of schools due to the covid19 lockdown. We decided that we would support Chusa School of Beauty, but have a hair beauty salon running alongside the school, an enterprise that would guarantee financial sustainability.

Once Action10 extended the EUR 2,000, we opened up the salon with 5 alumni of the Chusa school of beauty. These 5 were entrusted with the responsibility of running of the saloon, as closely supervised by Edward. Action10 Invest loan took care of 3 months’ rent in anticipation that, by that time, the business would at least cover those expenses. However, this wasn’t possible. Another 3 months was covered, still with no evidence of financial sustenance.

Reports from our partner blamed the situation on the inability to attract customers. However, my investigation revealed that our partner had turned the salon into the beauty school, that trained girls during weekdays and struggled to attract customers over the weekends. this was designed as so because I only used to visit the salons at weekends. They, therefore, were reporting falsely about what was being done. As a consequence of this, four of the five girls who were responsible for the salon completely abandoned it, since it wasn’t generating any income for them. It was clear therefore that the reason we were not attracting customers, why couldn’t meet our overheads was the salon was non existent. Its image was destroyed beyond repair. I therefore decided to close it since we couldn’t approve another 3 month payment and capital boost in those circumstances. In December, I then decided to move the salon to another place, now with one of the five students who was still remaining. The business was refinanced so that she could continue. Two months later, she was no longer working. All my attempts to establish her challenges were in vain. I later learnt that she got married and her husband was not comfortable letting her manage her own business. I have since collected all the remaining business assets and kept them at my place of residence until a suitable candidate can utilize them to generate an income.

After Chusa

C-M.2 Planning ahead for 2022. We shall try to identify an entrepreneur who is in the business of hair saloons. That’s will be the person we support going forward. However, that entrepreneur must share our values and our vision as HR&S.

Assessment of PMP intrinsic motivation

HR&S never assessed the intrinsic motivation of Creative Arts to run a successful business from Chusa School of Beauty. And after it could be noted that this motivation was not there. Mistake by HR&S.

Assessment of PMP intrinsic motivation

xx

Outcome challenges

Chusa School of beauty

RISE salon, Following on  Chusa School of Beauty

Defined by PMP

xxx

Defined by PMP.

  • xxx

Defined by HR&S Branch Uganda

  • C-M.1 Then conundrum here is that an enrolled adolescent defaulting on school fees payments cannot be stopped from coming to school because this is like a safe place for them. Most of these girls’ parents do not take their
    parenting responsibilities seriously in any case. In addition, not all
    students will pay full tuition fees by the end of the training period.
    In other words, some will pay 100% at the beginning, others will pay
    100% near the end of the study period; likewise, others will pay 75%,
    others 50%, whereas most will pay 25% and less of the tuition fees.  The
    point here is that Chusa School of Beauty would pose serious challenges
    as a loan taker from HR&S.

    However, in my opinion, if the already skilled girls come together (maybe 5, maybe 10) and form a group, HR&S could help them start a joint business with a loan that is payable long term. In order to protect our interests and investment, HR&S would own 100% of the business and only hand it over to the girls once they have settled their payment. The girls will have to sign
    an agreement with HR&S. The girls will be actively running this
    business and they would be properly trained in business & financial
    management by our RISE Accounting Coach, with close monitoring. This
    will actually make a substantial difference in the lives of these
    adolescent girls.

    Plan for 2021

    • We have to look for social entrepreneurs who are willing to fulfil the requirements and meet the objectives of HR&S.
    • Edward cannot ensure the success of the small business program. He is also not confident about taking another loan.
    • We can still help the adolescent girls in one way or another.

Defined by HR&S Branch Uganda

  • x

Lesson learned & informed decision

We failed to honour Action1, needs and user driven initiative, concerning the RISE Salon connected to Chusa School of Beauty.

Defined by HR&S HQ

Lesson learned & informed decision

Reflection Jul 2022.  We did not follow ROPE in actual practice, outcome challenges was not defined and also not joint activities to address the outcome challenges. No progress markers and no mile-stones. This was the reason for failure. This will not be repeated in Uganda.

Progress markers

Chusa School of beauty

RISE salon, Following on  Chusa School of Beauty

 

Progress Markers defined

  • Defined by PMP.
  • Defined by Branch.
  • Defined by HQ
    • Income to balance (or exceed) costs.

Progress Markers defined

  • Defined by PMP.

    • xx

  • Defined by Branch.
  • Defined by HQ
    • Income to balance (or exceed) costs.

Activities

Chusa School of beauty

RISE salon, Following on  Chusa School of Beauty

 

x

x

HR&S Branch Uganda

C-M.2 In 2021, we focused our energies on the CHUSA Chain of Beauty Saloons projects. This was after COVID19 disrupted another program of supporting small-scale businesses in Kamwokya. Our partner Edward (Creative Arts) was running a school of beauty. The school sought support from HR&S, however, there were difficulties making it financially sustainable. The school targeted mainly adolescent girls out of school due to the closure of schools due to the covid19 lockdown. We decided that we would support Chusa School of Beauty, but have a hair beauty salon running alongside the school, an enterprise that would guarantee financial sustainability. 

HR&S Branch Uganda & HQ

x

Milestones

Chusa School of beauty

RISE salon, Following on  Chusa School of Beauty

Branch Kenya & HQ together

x

Branch Kenya & HQ together

x

Business model

Chusa School of beauty

RISE salon oNE

  1. x

x

Business plan

Uganda Shilling

Chusa School of beauty

RISE salon, Following on  Chusa School of Beauty

Develop and maintain a business plan

x

Expected costs per year

    • x

TOTAL

Expected Income per year

  • Registration fee of 10,000/- (EUR 2,6) per student and six months
    Each semester has 20 students, Thus 10,000x2x20
    400,000 (EUR 100).
  • School fees 150,000 /- (EUR 40) per student and six months
    Each semester has 20 students, Thus 150,000x2x20
    12,000,000 (EUR 3,100).
  • Service to clients during school training
    xxx

TOTAL

Input

Chusa School of beauty

RISE salon, Following on  Chusa School of Beauty

Chusa school of beauty, Uganda shilling

1st loan by ActionInvest
Loan from march –august  each month@ 180,000=1,080,000
material breads, cosmetics = 600,000
equipment
10 chairs 200,000
3 Dryers 150,000
Funiture 50,000
Capet 50,000
2 Bensens @10,000
5 Towels@ 20,000

TOTAL 2,160,000 (EUR 560)

Chusa school of beauty, Uganda shilling

2nd loan by ActionInvest
Not reported on, assume same as before

TOTAL 2,160,000 (EUR 560)

x

Following on Chusa school of Beauty, Uganda shilling
1st loan by ActionInvest

Not reported on
To cover rent of venue and materials

Assume TOTAL EUR 2,000



Outcome

Chusa School of beauty

C-C.2 Testimony “We are proud to inform you that a new school (Chusa School of Beauty) has been opened to enable you to learn and lap into the opportunities of income generation. Chusa school of Beauty targets girls especially between the age of ten and twenty-five. At Chusa School of beauty we guarantee for you to learn salon management and all its activities i.e.; plaiting, braiding, weaving, styling, makeup. Alongside extra activities like; games and sports, saving, opening of small joint business.
Applications shall be made to office and admission plus two passport photos. The student is required to pay a registration fee of 10,000/-. All students shall be required to come with full school equipment; 4 combs, pair of scissors, threads, towels, gloves, face mask, pin.
The school term shall last for a period of 24 weeks, 6 months, were all students go through what is set for them and thereafter graduate upon completion. Morning classes start at 8 am-1 pm and afternoon sessions start at 2 pm -5 pm weekdays.
Rules All students must respect school authority and all persons in whom the headteacher may from time to time be vested. All students are expected to respect each other and to cultivate self-respect and self-discipline. No alcohol, intoxicants shall be accepted at the study area and if anyone is found to possess or use and abuse them or act under their influence shall be addressed. If we discovered  abuse of drugs we shall first take her for counselling. If this does not help we may have to send her away. Damage or loss of school property will be paid by the person concerned. Students must keep their property safe; the school takes no responsibility what so ever for the loss of a student’s belonging. Theft is strictly prohibited and if realized shall be handled accordingly. All students shall participate physically in keeping the premises clean in accordance with specified schedules; this will include compound, study area, and toilets. The use of abusive language is strictly forbidden. All students shall be responsible for their own aprons and must keep them clean. Keep silence during study time in order not to disturb the comfort and peace of others.
The school shall provide; aprons, sinks, basins, buckets, dryers
School fees All students shall pay a sum of 150,000/-.  This money is all to be paid strictly to the office where students shall get receipts upon confirmation of payment.
Savings Chusa School of Beauty encourages its students to save by cultivating a regular saving culture and the total saving of each student shall be given to them at graduation.
Graduation Graduation ceremony shall be held by Chusa School of beauty after 24 weeks and all students shall receive certificates in their respective courses and savings accumulated during the time of the study.
We wish our students a happy stay at Chusa School of Beauty.”

RISE salon, Following on  Chusa School of Beauty

C-M.2 One of the girls from Chusa School of Beauty is now running her own salon upcountry.

C-C.3 Testimony “We are proud to inform that the school (Chusa School of Beauty) that was run during 2020 has graduated 20 students, and the school run 2021 also graduated 20 Students.  The Chusa School of Beauty targeted girls between the age of ten years and twenty-five. The students learned about saloon management and all related activities i.e.; plaiting, braiding, weaving, styling, makeup. Alongside extra activities like: sports, saving, opening of small joint business. Programme Core-values were; accountability, trust & respect for others, self-respect and self-discipline, drug use awareness, cleaning of the saloon, good language and polite behaviour.”

C-M.2 Our partner formally ended his partnership with HR&S after we established that it was partly due to his actions, to dishonour our agreements about running of the salon, by turning it into a school that resulted in the failure of the project. This he did without any communication and he was dishonest in his reporting.

Lesson learned & Informed decision

It is an unwise to attempt to offer solutions to a person in need. It is better for the solutions to come from the person themselves. It is better to support individuals who have business experience, who have started and are trying to make a business grow. These people have an internal motivation to ensure success of their enterprise and therefore appreciate value for money. Such people are more likely to be responsible than those who are not actively engaged in a business. They are also not likely to make business mistakes usually made in startups for example. It is better for HR&S to collaborate more with organizations who have no history of working with the Aid industry. We can form a parallel narrative.

Impact

Chusa School of beauty

RISE salon, Following on  Chusa School of Beauty

Respondents

The respondents are identified and presented with: names, title, telephone numbers, level of education, home location, and family status. Also GDPR consent is collected if the respondent’s agree.

Chusa School of beauty

RISE salon, Following on  Chusa School of Beauty

This survey will be used to evaluate the impact of the Chusa School of Beauty.

  • We will employ random sampling in selecting a sample of respondents from the population.
  • The control will be a group of randomly selected persons within Kibera and outside Kibera.
  1. PMP
    • Team-leader: Frederic BUTIMBA
    • Management team: xxx
  2. Target Partners
    • Individuals: Each student of Chusa School of Beauty, 40 ladies
    • Focus groups: If possible to collect and discuss with the girls together. Should have been done during the period of the school, but was not.
  3. Customers to Target Partners
    • Customers to the students.
  4. Other stakeholders, such as:
    • Family members.
    • Other.

RESPONDENT INFORMATION

No.

Question

Responses

A1

Enumerator Name

 

A2

Respondent’s name

 

A3

Respondent phone number

 

A4

Respondent Gender

               Male                     Female

A5

Age of respondent

1=18-24 yrs, 2=25-35 yrs, 3=36-55 yrs, 4= > 56 yrs

A6

Respondent  position

1= Owner

2= Employee

3= Relative to owner

4= other specify

A5

Region{ must be from Nairobi county}

1=Kibera

2= Ngong’

3= Dagorete

Set-up

Set-up

  1. Individual interviews, specific and open-ended, with
    • The PMP.
    • Management team members.
    • Each loan-taker present.
    • Family members present.
  2. Focal group interviews, with
    • Management team and PMP together.
    • All loan-takers of the village, who are present,  together.
  3. Collect testimonies, from a number of persons randomly chosen.
  4. Take photos.
  5. Record videos.
  6. Record interviews.

  7. Take notes in a dedicated notebook about everything that happens.

Chusa School of beauty

RISE salon, Following on  Chusa School of Beauty

Both primary and secondary sources of data collection will be used. Primary data will include semi-structured questionnaires, testimonies, and focus group discussions, while secondary data will involve written records also at the national and international levels.  The questions will have both open and closed-ended questions. The validity of the questionnaires will be determined by HR&S Sweden. Consent to collect data will be sought from the managing director of Dolas creation and the survey participants.

For purposes of statistical measurement, the typography of progress markers from the tailoring project was generated prior to the start of the project. This generated three types of information. These are:
1. Quantitative – These will be acquired from three different sources;  interviews, testimonies and focus group discussions, with people in charge (plus review of book accounts), observation by interviewers, interview with participants. The indicators used here will include the number of business start-ups, investment level, employees’ income level, pieces of training attended, modern tailoring machines acquired, number of new employees contracted to work for Dolas creation.
2. Qualitative – Qualitative information will be obtained through interviews, testimonies, and focus group discussions, with people in charge and participants.  The sources of information will be social harmony at home, contribution to family, financial independence.
3. Financial- These will be obtained through interviews with the person in charge, direct examination of accounting books, and personal interviews with employees. This includes; total sales in cash, credit sales value, stock in/out, loans to employees (if any), and cash in the bank account (Ksh). 

Consent Form

Thank you for agreeing to speak with me today. My name is………………. and I am conducting a data collection survey on behalf of HR&S. Human Rights & Science has been partnering with Dolas creation enterprise in this area for the last one & a half years.
The information you give us will be used by the project to improve our understanding of the projects and people/community that we serve. HR&S shall keep any information that we collect confidential and shall store data securely. If we share responses, they will be anonymous. Meaning no one will know which responses and comments came from you. HR&s may also share anonymous results to contribute to improving other projects elsewhere and in the future. HR&S may use anonymous results in future publications, reports, and/or presentations.
There will be no immediate benefits for you, but by taking part in this activity you may find an indirect benefit in knowing you have participated in an important piece of research, and that the information gathered may be used to improve the design and delivery of HR&S’s work. You will not receive money or reward of any kind if you agree to take part.
Your participation is completely voluntary, and you have the right to not participate, or to stop participating at any point of this process. If you do not wish to participate, or if you wish to stop at any time, this is acceptable and there are no negative consequences to doing so.
In case you agree, we would like to take photos and/or videos, and post them on our website, and also if you agree on social media. The propose is the strengthen HR&S and our programmes by increased visibility and transparency. If you agree we jointly select each specific photo/video.

Certificate of Consent (participant)
I have read the above information, or it has been read to me. I have had the opportunity to ask questions about it, and any questions I have asked and have been answered to my satisfaction. I consent voluntarily to be a participant in this exercise.

Print Name of Participant

{at least forename and surname}

Signature of Participant

 

DD/MM/YYY

 

Micro data Survey questions

Social impact

 

Sustainable social impact refers to reaching the social good ambitions in a sustainable manner.

Measure twice a year since the start of the programme.

Social Good _ Direct Impact

Respondent: PMP

  • Compilation of the products that we offer:
    1. Business loans;
      Number of loans, size of loans, total capital. 
    2. Other
  • Compilation of the services that we offer:
    1. Weekly visits to collect refunds, coach and address challenges.
      1. type of coaching
      2. type of challenges
    2. Other
  • Number of Target partner business owners: xxx
  • PMP business generate profit.
    • Size of profit: xxx

Respondent: Target Partners

  • Compilation of the products that our Target Partners offer to their customers: xxx
    • Number of customer per product: xxx
  • Compilation of the services that our Target Partners offer to their customers: xxx
    • Number of customers per service: xxx
  • Target partner business owners generate profit.
    • Size of profit per TP: xxx

Respondent: Customers (customer survey)

  • Are customers content with products?

  • Are customers content with services?

Social Good _ Indirect Impact

Respondent: Target Partners & families.

  • Children well-being
    Children of the women who manages HR&S small-scale businesses.
    • Number of meals per day increased.
      From one to two or three.
      • Number of children: xxx
    • Education
      Tuition fee paid and school attendance made possible.
      • Number of children: xxx
  • Women well-being
    • The status of the women in the families has improved as the contribute with income.

Respondent: Customers (customer survey)

xxx

Institutional capacity

Respondent: PMP

Accounting

  • Bookkeeping of international standards; compiling all receipts and invoices, perform bank reconciliation.
  • Annual auditing.
  • Respond to management reports from the auditor.

 

  • Who is in charge of the bookkeeping?
  • Who is doing the auditing?
  • What do the management reports look like?
  • Can we please see the books?

Project management

  • Are the number of Target Partners included, as expected? xxx.
  • Does the target partners deliver as expected? xxx.
  • Do you have regular meetings with the management team, if so, how often? xxx.
    • Do you take notes which are  included in the annual report?xxx.

Transparency & Efficiency

  • Communication between PMP and HR&S.
    • Maybe monthly reflections from PMP on WhatsApp. xxx.
  • Information from target partners on their satisfaction, needs, expectations. xxx.
    • To be written down and shared.
  • Share notes from the local management meetings. xxx.

Annual report

Due 15 February.

Target partner services

Ensure continuous feed-back from Target Partners. Information about their satisfaction, needs, expectations, xxx. Specially ask about their views on the ethics of the programme.

TP training, coaching & team building

  1. Training sessions: xxx
  2. Coaching sessions: xxx
  3. HR&S / Action10 T-shirts “women themselves have submitted a complaint, that of offering them HR&S/Action10 t-shirts that they will often wear at each meeting.”

Financial sustainability

Sustainable economy is when income, without donations, sustainably exceeds costs.

  1. When can a sustainable economy be expected ?
  2. What is the size of the required capital?
  3. Compile sources and levels of income?
  4. Compile sources and levels of expenses?

Sustainable business mind-set

  • ?

Does the income exceed the expenses?

  • No, lack of funds to cover the cost for PPM’s transportation (June 2022).

Survey team & visit

PMP comment: Wednesdays, market day, are the only days suitable for meeting women and following up with them.

Who

  1. The survey team consist of: Renaud, Elisabeth, Milohum, Yawo. 
  2. The team leader is: Renaud
  3. Date of the next visit: The visits are made on Wednesdays, the market day. xxx

When

  1. Dates of coming visits:

Where

  1. Location of the visits:

How

  1. Visit arrangements: Offer snacks to focus group discussions.
  2. Travel arrangements:
  3. Travel costs:
  4. The sources for covering travel costs are:

Survey Team Preparations

Ensure the team has access to the tools required:

  • Written copy of the survey manual.
  • Camera; photos and videos.
  • Recorder.
  • Notebooks and pens.
  • Transportation means.
  • Food and water.

Divide areas of responsibility between team-members. Ensure that  each team member is clear about and comfortable with their own assignment as well as the team assignment.

The team assignments

  1. Making individual interviews.
    • Specific questions.
    • Open ended questions.
  2. Collect data from focal group discussions.
  3. Collect testimonies.
  4. Taking photos.
  5. Record videos.
  6. Record interviews.

  7. Taking notes in a dedicated notebook about everything that happens.

Preparing for the analysis of the data

  • Control
    The control is the base-line data, macro-data and the conditions in specific villages that are selected to join the programme, prior to mentioning about the programme.
  • Randomization
    Randomization among respondents is created by not announcing the survey date, and asking everyone who are present that day.
  • Statistical assessment method
    • Quantitative: ANOVA. Thus we need as much data as possible.
    • Qualitative: Simple compilation of statements.
  • Contribution tracing. Identifying other actors in the village, what do they contribute with, how many are involved and how do they benefit. Consider to collaborate with other actors.
  • Ethics. Normal ethics plus asking the respondents about their views on ethics.

Compilation of Outcome data

Outcome

  • Yawo informed about that a cooperative bank came to propose a loan to some people in the village, but the offer by Action10, was the best (Millohum 2021).
  • Mr. Yawo gave me a feedback. In his message, he instructs me to tell you that the children of all the beneficiaries have organized themselves into a delegation to come and tell him to thank you. They say that through your support, they manage to eat at least twice a day, through the small activities their mothers do, they manage to pay their school fees (Renaud 2022).
  • In addition, the women themselves have submitted a complaint, that of offering them HR&S/Action10 t-shirts that they will often wear at each meeting. (Renaud 2022).

Progress marker scoring

  • Number of women involved
    • More than fifty new women have come to benefit from this financing – June 2022
  • Size of loan
    • Instead of giving 30,000 to women to start their activities, he would like it to be 40,000 – June 2022.

Compilation of names of respondents and GDPR consent: xxx